Amino acids are the basic unit of protein. Protein is the basis of the life of an organism. All components of a living body require protein participation. It can be said that amino acids are closely related to life and various forms of life activities, so the supplement of amino acid feed is particularly important. The relationship between protein and amino acid has always puzzled many people. This article will analyze the relationship between protein and amino acid.
This article contains the following:
Introduction to amino acid feed
The relationship between amino acids
The relationship between protein and amino acid
Introduction to amino acid feed
The base acid feed additive refers to industrially synthesized methionine, lysine, tryptophan, threonine, etc., which are used as feed additives in the feed industry. Amino acid feed additives are generally essential amino acids. Amino acid additives are used to supplement the essential amino acids in the feed, so it must be added according to the specific background of the feed, according to the different types of animals, different physiological conditions and production levels, in order to avoid the harm of amino acid imbalance caused by improper addition. .
The relationship between amino acids
The various amino acid feed constituting the protein also have synergistic, transformation, substitution and antagonism in the metabolism of the body.
Methionine can be converted to cystine or to cysteine, but its reverse reaction cannot be carried out. Therefore, methionine can meet the needs of total sulfur-containing amino acids, but the requirement for methionine itself can only be satisfied by methionine. Cysteine and cystine can be interconverted. Phenylalanine meets the needs of tyrosine because it can be converted to tyrosine, but tyrosine cannot be converted to phenylalanine. Due to the above relationship, methionine can be combined with cystine, phenylalanine and tyrosine in consideration of the necessity of essential amino acids.
Antagonism between amino acids occurs between structurally similar amino acid feed because they share the same transfer system during the absorption process and compete with each other. The most typical amino acids with antagonism are lysine and arginine. An excess of lysine in the diet increases the amount of arginine required. When lysine is excessive in the diet of chicks, the addition of arginine can alleviate the imbalance caused by excess lysine. Leucine and isoleucine have similar chemical structures and also have antagonistic effects. Excessive leucine can reduce the absorption rate of isoleucine and increase the amount of isoleucine excretion in the urine. In addition, arginine and glycine can eliminate the deleterious effects caused by excess of other amino acids, which may be related to their participation in the formation of uric acid.
Relationship between protein and amino acid
It is generally believed that the nutrition of animal proteins is essentially the nutrition of amino acids. An animal can effectively synthesize a protein only when the various amino acid feed constituting the protein are present at the same time and supplied in a desired ratio. The lack of any amino acid in the diet, even if the other essential amino acids are sufficient, the body protein synthesis can not be carried out normally. Similarly, animals with greater potential for somatic protein synthesis (such as high lean pigs) require higher levels of amino acids.
The amount of essential amino acids required in livestock and poultry diets depends on the level of crude protein in the diet. For example, when the protein content of piglets' diet increased from 10% to 22%, the requirement for dietary lysine increased from 0.6% to 1.2%. On the other hand, the crude protein requirement of the diet depends on the balance of the amino acids. In general, after balancing the first to fourth limiting amino acids in turn, the crude protein requirement of the diet can be reduced by 2-4 percentage points.
The relationship between amino acids and proteins as mentioned above, supplementing various amino acid feeds is an important method for supplementing proteins. Livestock and poultry obtain the protein needed by the body by eating amino acid feed, and support life activities such as growth, breastfeeding, laying eggs and the like.