Choline is an important part of phospholipid and an indispensable substance for animal growth. The feed already contains choline, but many factors affect its content, so extra addition is needed in the feed. Among them, the feed of pregnant sows and cows is important to add choline, and the feed of chicks should also be added. Therefore, the industrial production of choline chloride is particularly important.
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What is choline chloride
Choline chloride is a white hygroscopic crystal, tasteless and fishy. 10% aqueous solution pH 5-6, unstable in lye. It is easily soluble in water and alcohols, and its aqueous solution is almost neutral. It is insoluble in ether, petroleum ether, benzene and carbon disulfide. Slightly fishy, salty, bitter, easily deliquescent, unstable in alkaline solution. It is often used to treat fatty liver and cirrhosis. It is also used as a feed additive for poultry and livestock, which can stimulate the ovary to produce more eggs, litters, poultry, fish and other weight gain.
Use of choline chloride
It is not only an efficient nutritional supplement and lipid expelling agent, but also a plant photosynthesis promoter, which has obvious effect on increasing yield. More important,it is an important feed additive.
As a feed additive, choline chloride has the following physiological effects: it can prevent fat accumulation and tissue degeneration in liver and kidney; it can promote the recombination of amino acids; and it can improve the utilization rate of amino acids, especially methionine, an essential amino acid. In Japan, 98% of choline chloride is used as animal feed additive such as chicken, pig, beef cow, fish and shrimp. Most of the powder is processed into powder, 50% powder is prepared by adding appropriate particle size excipients in advance in the mixer, and then dripping cholinesterase chloride aqueous solution, which is mixed and dried. Some commercial powder also has vitamins, minerals, drugs and so on. Choline chloride is a vitamin B drug, which is used in hepatitis, liver degeneration, early liver cirrhosis, malignant anemia and so on.
Fabrication process of choline chloride
There are two production methods: ethylene oxide method and chloro ethanol method.
The trimethylamine ethanol solution was added to the reaction pot, and ethylene oxide was passed in at about 30°C, and the reaction was stirred for 4 hours. The yield of crude product can reach 98%. A 70% aqueous solution can be obtained by decoloring the activated carbon and concentrating in vacuo. Adding excipients such as corn cob flour, rice hull flour, bran or diatomaceous earth to the aqueous solution can produce a 50% powder.
The chloro ethanol method is obtained by using chloro ethanol instead of ethylene oxide and hydrochloric acid, and reacting with trimethylamine under the catalysis of a small amount of ethylene oxide or an alkaline substance: 100 parts of chloro ethanol is first added to the reaction kettle, and 130 is added below the liquid surface. Part of trimethylamine, while introducing 1.7 parts of ethylene oxide to initiate the reaction. After the addition was completed, the mixture was kept under stirring at 32-38 ° C for 4 hours, and the yield was 84% (based on chloro ethanol). If catalyzed by basic substances (such as quaternary ammonium salts), the single-pass conversion rate can reach over 97%.
Matters needing attention
The way it is stored requires special attention. The storage temperature of cholinhydrin chloride water agent should not be lower than-12 ℃ in order to avo id blockage of pipeline after crystallization. Choline chloride powder should be stored in silo with dehumidification equipment to prevent moisture absorption. Choline chloride powder will cause the product to become wet and caking after moisture absorption, resulting in catheter blockage. Plant carrier choline chloride powder may have fermentation phenomenon after long-term moisture absorption.
Its role is so extensive, its mode of production is also diverse. Although the production process of different bodies has different advantages and disadvantages, the products they make have super strong effect.