Lysine, also known as growth amino acid, is an essential substance for the synthesis of human and animal tissue proteins. It is also the main component of important substances such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies in the body. It has a very important position in the food industry, aquaculture and feed industry. This article reviews the application of lysine in pig breeding.
1. The application of lysine in piglet production
After the piglets are born, the metabolism is vigorous and the growth rate is fast, so they must be provided with sufficient nutrition. Studies have shown that insufficient lysine intake of early weaned piglets will affect the function of pancreatic tissue, thereby affecting the rapid synthesis of tissue proteins, which is not conducive to the growth and development of piglets. In view of the stress problem in the early weaning stage of piglets, the study concluded that reducing the dietary protein of early weaning piglets and adding the amount of restrictive amino acids can reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets. This indicates that lysine can reduce the stress of piglets and has great benefits for growth.
Studies have shown that before 14 days of age, piglets are still in the adaptation stage and are greatly affected by the environment and diet. Adding lysine cannot significantly improve production performance. The effect of lysine is greater at 15-21 days of age, and a certain amount of lysine can significantly improve the growth performance of pigs. However, after 21 days of age, if the amount of lysine and feed intake continued to increase, the growth performance of piglets could not be further improved, but the growth of piglets was inhibited. This shows that lysine should not be added excessively during the feeding process of piglets, otherwise the phenomenon of "amino acid imbalance" will occur, which will have an adverse effect on the growth and development of piglets.
2. The application of lysine in sow production
Primiparous and multiparous sows are fed two different sow feeds due to their different lysine requirements.
Studies have shown that mammary gland development requires an adequate supply of lysine during gestation, especially in primiparous sows. The lysine requirement of pregnant sows is affected by factors such as feeding environment, parity, maternal weight gain, and fetal weight. Increased lysine intake by sows also increases total body weight gain, backfat, and milk production during gestation, and affects subsequent lactation and piglet growth.
During the lactation period, when the feed intake does not reach the nutrients required for lactation, the sow will automatically use the body to maintain a certain amount of milk production. Increasing the amount of lysine in the diet reduces individual weight loss in sows during lactation. If the sow farrows too much during the period, the nutrition is insufficient, the weight loss will increase, the recovery time after weaning will be longer, and the estrus interval of the sow will be prolonged. The lysine requirement of different sows during lactation is mainly affected by factors such as milk yield, sow weight and litter size. Increasing the amount of lysine in the diet of sows during lactation can significantly improve piglet survival, weaning body weight, and individual daily gain, as well as improve the lactation performance of sows.
3. The application of lysine in the production of growing-finishing pigs
Lysine is a growth amino acid, and its addition in the diet will increase the body's protein deposition rate. The content of plasma urea nitrogen can reflect the metabolism of protein in the body, and the lower the urea nitrogen value, the higher the efficiency of protein synthesis. Increasing the amount of lysine in the diet can reduce the excretion of urea nitrogen. This shows that increasing the level of lysine can reduce the concentration of urea nitrogen in pig plasma and improve the production performance. Lysine can significantly reduce the content of urea nitrogen and triglyceride in the plasma of growing and finishing pigs, which is beneficial to the health of pigs.
Improving pig performance under stress is an important part of production. Reducing the amount of protein in the diet and supplementing the amount of limiting amino acids can effectively improve the stress of pigs. Feeding pigs low-protein lysine-supplemented diets reduces liver weight and heat stress heat production. In addition, the addition of lysine can also balance the amino acids in the diet and reduce the excretion of urea nitrogen, thereby alleviating high temperature stress.
4. Summary
To sum up, the reasonable amount of lysine added can not only make pigs achieve the best production performance, but also related to the utilization rate of the diet and economic benefits. It is recommended that personnel engaged in poultry farming combine practical experience and experimental research to determine the amount of lysine added, so as to achieve maximum production benefits.
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